Apartheid i Sydafrika: Historie og segregation

Apartheid was the racial segregation that was practiced by law in South Africa 1950-93.

Segregation was common practice in South Africa before 1950, but it should Nationalist Party National Party (NP), which came to power in elections in 1948, tightened the policy and called it apartheid. NP won until 1994 all elections and implemented until the 1980s systematic racial segregation at all levels of society. The official reason for the policy of apartheid was that it would raise the standard of living of South Africa's black and ensure that their cultural identity could be preserved. In fact, apartheid was conceived as a solution to the white minority quandary as to rule over a black and an Asian majority population these populations should " disappear " from the white South Africa, but without having to change their function as cheap labor reserve.

Apartheid policy consisted of four bodies of law:

1) Geographical segregation, which was practiced by the population was divided into specific groups according to skin color and race, and the country was divided into areas reserved for different population groups. 87% of South Africa's land was assigned to the white population, and more than 3 million. Blacks were forcibly removed to special reserves, the so-called bantustans.