The English and the Dutch colonized South Africa in the seventeenth century. The English domination of the Dutch descendents made them colonize in Orange Free State and Transvaal. The discovery of diamonds and other minerals started the South African War between the Boers and the English troops. The independence from the English started an uneasy power sharing between the Boers and the English, until 1940 when the Afrikaner National Party gained a strong majority. The strategists in the political party invented the system that we call apartheid. Apartheid was made to keep the power of whites permanent and it made life hell for the non-white people in South Africa.
With the endorsement of the apartheid laws in 1948, racial unfairness was institutionalized. The racial laws affected every single social aspect, including white only schools and jobs. In 1950 the Population Registration Act required that all South Africans should be racially classified. There were three different groups, the white who were the most powerful, the colored (of mixed decent) who were the middle class and the blacks that were treated the worst.
The Bantu Authorities Act was endorsed in 1951. It was system where the government of South Africa would assign you to an independent state according to your origin. All political rights including voting were restricted to the designated homeland. The idea simply was that the Africans would become citizens of the homeland and then lose their citizenship to South Africa and any right of involvement in the South African parliament, which controlled the homelands. At the end, they had created four homelands, which denationalized nine million South Africans and that meant that nine million people had become aliens in their own country.
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