It was a collection of state and local statues that legalized racial segregation. It was named after a Black minstrel show character which existed for about 100 years from the post-Civil War era until 1968 were meant to marginalize African Americans by denying them the right to vote, hold jobs, get an education or other opportunities. The ones who attempted to defy Jim Crow laws often faced arrest, fines, jail sentences, violence and death.
Black codes
It began as early as 1865 following the ratification of the 13th amendment which abolished slavery in the United States. The codes appeared throughout the south as a legal way to put black citizens into indentured servitude, to take voting’s rights away, to control where the lived and how they traveled and to seize children for labor purposes.
Ku Klux Klan
The local governments, the national democratic party and president Andrew Johnson thwarted efforts to help black Americans move forward during the reconstruction era. Black schools were vandalized and destroyed, and bands of violent white people attacked, tortured and lynched black citizens in the night. The ruthless organization of the Jim crow era, the Ku Klux Klan was born in 1865 in Pulaski Tennessee as a private club for confederate veterans. The KKK grew into a secret society terrorizing Black communities and seeping through white Southern culture, with members at the highest levels of government and in the lowest echelons of criminal back alleys.
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