The Victorian Age started in 1837 with Queen Victoria ascending the throne and ended in 1901 when she died. 1/4 of the world population at that time was under British rule as a part of the vast British Empire. It was said at the end of Queen Victoria's reign that the sun never set on the British Empire, and the era got its name from its ruler. The Victorian age was one of great changes but for some it wasn't to the better. The Industrialisation was a result of innovations in science and technology and made possible by people willing to take risks.
The Industrial Revolution was the reason for these changes. From having an economy based on mostly agriculture, the British Isles experienced a quick change and overseas trade flourished, the canals were extended and railway lines made longer. The steam engine was developed and this resulted in larger engines and a higher production which again resulted in more profit. This lead to the building of factories and cities grew up and around them.
The people moving in to the factory cities lived under appalling conditions. Up to 12 people living together in one room with no heating, ventilation, light or access to clean water. The poorer the neighbourhood the higher the rent and these houses was owned by churchmen, investment funds and members of the upper class. This led to high mortality rates among children who in Sunday school had funeral clubs and thus saved up for their own and their friends’ funeral. These conditions led to great social unrest and finally in 1848 and 1850 Reform Acts were agreed on in parliament, to help the poor.
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