Græsk matematik og filosofi: Euklids elementer

SRP – græsk matematik

Indhold

Abstract2

Indledning2

Det græske demokrati 500 – 300 f.kr.3

Græsk matematik og naturvidenskab5

Platon5

Platons ”Menon”6

Aristoteles7

Euklids elementer9

Euklids konstruktion af den regulære femkant13

Bevis for konstruktion af Euklids femkant.15

Konstruktion af midtnormal17

Årsager til interesse for filosofi, matematik og naturvidenskab.18

Konklusion20

Litteraturliste22

Bilag 1:23

Bilag 224

Bilag 325

Bilag 427

Abstract

This assignment deals with Greek mathematics, more specifically geometry. The Greek philosophers had a big influence on mathematics, and there for will some of the ancient Greek philosophers be described and their importance when it comes to mathematics and scientific methods in general analyzed. There will be a source analyze of Platon “Menon” to support this. To explain the appearance of the Greek philosophers the Greek democracy during 500-300, and it’s influence on the Mediterranean area will be described. The reason for this is that the freedom that arrived with the democracy gave the Greek thinkers the possibility to share their thoughts with the world, and create their great work. Through Euklids elements there will be a description of the structure and methods that characterizes the Greek mathematics. 2 mathematic proofs will be proved and the procedure for those will be explained. Euklid’s construction of a regular pentagon will be involved and relevant proofs and definitions will be shown. At last there will be a discussion of the reasons for the interest in philosophy, mathematics and science in the Greek antiquity.